Eugenol essay

Isolation and Id of Eugenol: The Aromatic Component of Cloves *Adri, Kiersten Jayne 3rd there’s r., Aguinaldo, Samuel Jr. Group 2 Section of Chemistry, College of Science School of Lamina Tomas, Espana, Manila 1008 Abstract. With this experiment, the principal objective was to isolate eugenol from cloves. An amount of 30 grams of dried cloves and 300 mL of water was distilled over a flame for over 2 hours. The distillate went through extraction with dichloromethane, water and sodium hydroxide. Focused hydrochloric acid solution was included in the aqueous extract to lower it to pH 9, it was again extracted with 2 by 30 cubic centimeters of DCM.

These organic and natural extracts were dried more than anhydrous magnesium (mg) sulfate, strained into a pre-weighed flask and had their solvent removed for the rotary evaporator. The amount in grams of the eugenol acquired was 0. 4770 g, which offered a % yield of 1. 578 %. INTRODUCTION Cloves are small , and tropical evergreen trees (Syzygium aromaticum or perhaps Eugenia caryophyllata) which are users of the myrtle family. Its unopened blossom bud is known as as a significant spice which is dried and used whole or floor for food preparation. The clove bud’s aroma and medicinal uses are attributed to the distillate in the oil of cloves, or eugenol.

Eugenol is a great aromatic the liquid which can both be clear or yellow-colored in color, with molecular formula CH2CHCH2C6H3(OCH3)OH. It is reputed for its pleasantly spicy aroma. Eugenol includes 72-90% with the essential oil extracted from cloves, making it the key component. Eugenol is used in perfumes, flavorings, essential essential oils, in medicine as a local antiseptic and anesthetic, in addition to the production of isoeugenol intended for the production of vanilla. When mixed with zinc oxide, eugenol forms a material which has regenerative and prosthodontic applications in dentistry. METHOD

The elements used in this experiment had been the following: 40 g of dried cloves, 400 cubic centimeters of water, 2 portions of 2 back button 30 milliliters dichloromethane, two x 60 mL sodium hydroxide, targeted hydrochloric acid solution, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, work set-up (500 mL circular bottom flask, condenser, joindre, thermometer clothes, rubber tubing, tripod, Bunsen burner), Erlenmeyer flasks, separatory funnel and dropping pipettes. Figure 1 . Steam Handiwork Set-Up. Figure 2 . Removal Set-Up In a 500 cubic centimeters round bottom flask, 40 g of cloves were placed along with three hundred mL of distilled drinking water.

The combination was unadulterated over immediate heat till 200 milliliters of distillate was collected. The oily distillate was transferred to a separatory channel and removed with 2 x 35 mL DCM. The put together organic layers were washed with 95 mL distilled water, removed with a couple of x 50 mL of 3M sodium hydroxide and lowered to pH on the lookout for with focused hydrochloric chemical p. The milky aqueous mix was taken out with two x 40 mL DCM, and the organic layer was collected and dried above anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The perfect solution is was blocked into a pre-weighed flask and its particular solvent was removed within the rotary evaporator. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Excess weight of test: 30. 145 g Distillate: White oily and milky solution first extraction with DCM Uppr layer: (aqueous ” white sticky sturdy mixture) Lower layer: (organic ” DCM, clear) next extraction with NaOH Uppr layer: (aqueous ” NaOH) Lower part: (organic ” DCM, clear) Addition of concentrated HCl Formation of white milky aqueous remedy (pH 9) 3rd extraction with DCM Upper coating: (aqueous ” white milky solution) Reduce layer: (organic ” DCM) Pre-weighed flask: 82. 0231 g Pre-weighed flask + organic remove: 82. 5001 g Trial and error Yield: zero. 4770 g % Yield: 1 . 79 % Eugenol was separated from cloves by heavy steam distillation. Since eugenol is not soluble in normal water, the attentiveness of the eugenol in the steam over the cooking food eugenol”water postponement, interruption does not be based upon concentration from the eugenol. The relative amounts of eugenol and water inside the vapor basically depend on the vapor stresses of the real materials. The vapor pressure of normal water at 90 C is 760 torr, and the water vapor pressure of eugenol in 100 C is approximately 5 torr, consequently , the vapor is about 0. a few % eugenol. The suspension boiled when ever its water vapor pressure was equal to the external pressure.

Since both eugenol plus the water contributed to the water vapor pressure from the suspension, the suspension hard boiled before both pure substance would normally boil. Because so many essential natural oils contain fluids that may certainly not survive warming at larger temperatures, steam distillation can be an especially advantageous technique for separating them because their immiscible mixture with water boils below 90 C. Physique 3. Composition of Eugenol Since the distillate contained the two water and eugenol, the eugenol was extracted in the water using DCM and NaOH. Following obtaining the essential oil of cloves by heavy steam distillation, the eugenol was isolated by extraction.

Through this process the very fact that eugenol, because it is a phenolic mixture, is weakly acidic while both eugenol acetate and caryophllene will be neutral was considered. Thus, when the clove oil was treated using a sodium hydroxide (a good base) this resulted in the selective creation of the sodium salt of eugenol that was soluble inside the aqueous phase. The various other neutral chemical substances did not respond with sodium hydroxide and for that reason remained inside the organic period. After the parting of the aqueous phase, its extraction with DCM and its acidification, the organic remove was dried up over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.

The eugenol was finally isolated by evaporation from the organic solvent in the rotary evaporator. SUMMARY From the cloves, 0. 4770 g of eugenol or perhaps 1 . 578% was extracted. Although the methods were used word every word, the % produce was regarded as too small , and because eugenol usually contains 72% to 90% of the oil of cloves (distillate). REFERENCE/S Pavia, Lampman, Kriz, and Engel. (1999) Summary of Organic Lab Techniques: A Microscale Strategy. USA: Saunders College Publishing. Pavia, M. Organic Lab Techniques, second edition. (1995). USA: Harcourt Brace Firm.

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