The four views of ethics dissertation

Introduction

Ethics can be defined as the code of ethical principles that sets standard of good or bad, or right or wrong, in one’s conduct (Schermerhorn 2005). Ethics is very important for a manager’s decision mainly because every decision they manufactured, they had to consider who will be affecting and the result of the decision to the company. Different managers had several concept of ethical decision. As a result, there are several views of ethics in influencing a manager’s ethical decision for the best of the business that is the functional view, legal rights view, theory of proper rights and lastly integrative social agreements theory.

This essay is going to discuss for the four sights of values and relate each of the opinions with a recent example.

Discussion

The 1st view is definitely the utilitarian watch of values. Most of the company will choose to use this view because it does not contradict with such organization goals since efficiency, productivity and gives high profits (Robbins et ‘s. 2003). It is defined as a way of making decisions based on precisely what is good for the very best number (Gomex-Mejia et approach.

2005). In other words, that only concern on the bulk people who are taking advantage of the decision as opposed to the minority people who are affected by the choice. Ethics uses quantitative method like determining the costs and benefits of the decision made in decision-making. This concept is appropricate for companies who have are concern on the final result for the best number, which can be best for the organization as a whole.

To illustrate this kind of view more clearly, functioning at the decision-making on the development of the new Ford car, Pinto almost 50 years ago where the Honda managers was required to decide whether to inflict the lowest cost and the best benefits should be to leave the design to be the same (Velasquez 1998). They finally decided to go forward with the current design. A primary reason is because of the cost and advantage calculation as they calculated the fact that costs of preventing failures are less than the costs of changing the design of the brand new car. Consequently , this view encourages efficiency, productivity and consistent with the target of income maximisation as in the case of the Ford managers (Robbins et al. 2003). However , several ofthe rewards and cost of the action are not dependable and this ignores the rights of some stakeholders (Robbins ainsi que al. 2003). In this case, the Ford managers did not take into account on how a large number of people who endures when they bought the car together an accident.

The 2nd view is a rights perspective of values. It is a decision that finest maintain and protects the essential rights and privileges with the people troubled by it (Jones & George 2004). This means that this concept ensure that the companies employees are protected in rights to privacy, totally free speech, totally free consent, health insurance and safety, and freedom of conscience (Schermerhorn 2005). For instance , in the case of Pepsi executives and the Guatemalan Union Leaders in May 1984, the employees argued that for the past 6 years, the organization refuse to comply with the human rights and the work rights. In addition, the union organiser happen to be receiving deal with like kidnapping, murder and others around the place.

This indicates that the unions will be arguing for rights in the company. The company had to no choice to settle this matter immediately. The main benefit of this watch is that it offers individuals with collateral in the free of charge pursuit of fascination (Velasquez 1998). Moreover, in addition, it provides a basis for justifying one’s actions and for invoking the safety or help of others (Velasquez 1998). Alternatively, companies will certainly face problems on production and productivity because they are even more concern prove employee’s functionality rather than the result of the firm.

The third view is the theory of proper rights. It is based on the belief that honest decisions take care of people impartially and quite, according to legal guidelines and criteria (Schermerhorn 2005). This concept matter on how the same the honest decision in the manager for anyone. To demonstrate this concept, functioning at the case of U-Haul and David Horner in which Horner, a manager in U-Haul claimed for his overtime spend. The company stated that Horner is a supervisor and therefore no requirement to receive the overtime, however, pay. Yet , Horner perception that the company’s action can be unfair intended for him as he does the same work as the actual others do but the only thing distinct is that he’s a supervisor and they are not. Therefore , this individual should get the overtime spend as the particular other employee gets. The benefit of the concept can be, itrecognized the normal of justness on the people (Gomez-Mejia ou al. 2005) and helps to protect the interest of stakeholders (Robbins et ing. 2003). Regardless of the facts, it reduces employee’s risk-taking, development and efficiency (Robbins et al. 2003).

The last watch is the integrative social deals theory. It is just a newer procedure that suggests that decision must be based on scientific (what is) and normative (what ought to be) elements (Robbins ou al. 2003). The benefits and downsides are dependant upon the manager’s decision in what is right or wrong. This is because your decision of the managers are established solely on what he / she thinks is correct or incorrect for the company although it brings a disadvantage because of their workers and others. For example when it comes to Levi-Strauss in the early 1990, the company found out that a pair of their suppliers in Bangladesh, uses children below 14 years old because their worker.

This matter frequently occurs in Bangladesh because all their salaries are cheap and perhaps they are forced help longer several hours. As a result, the children ignored their education and chooses to work to aid their family’s financial difficulty as most of them come from a low-income relatives. Thus, producer in Bangladesh can cut their cost of production and sell intended for cheaper value in the market. However , this practice violates the company’s principles (Donaldson & Dunfee 1999). Ever since then, Levi-Strauss is usually willing to pay intended for the kid’s education expenditures and promised them to give them employment as they reach the age of fourteen years old. This is an excellent example of the choice makers towards the society.

Bottom line

In conclusion, values is important for decision making in the commercial environment. It is because manager’s moral decision not merely involves the utilitarian standards such as results on efficiency and profit, but also the individual privileges, social rights and lastly the community standard (Robbins et al. 2003). Usually, ethical corporations perform well financially and are best as out-do the companies whom are somewhat not moral in their decision-making. For this reason, every single company will need to adopt among the views of ethics according to anyone, which can be suitable for them, as theyare beneficial for their company.