Social Issues in the 1960s Composition

Social Concerns Of The 1960SMANY SOCIAL CHANGES THAT WERE TACKLED IN THE 1960s ARE THE ISSUES BEING CONFRONTED TODAY. THE 60s WAS A DECADE OF SOCIABLE AND POLITICS UPHEAVAL. REGARDLESS OF ALL THE HARDSHIP, THERE WERE SEVERAL POSITIVE RESULTS: THE CIVIL RIGHTS REVOLUTION, DAVID F. KENNEDYS BOLD PERSPECTIVE OF A FRESH FRONTIER, PLUS THE BREATHTAKING ADVANCEMENTS IN SPACE, HELPED LEAD TO PROGRESS AND PROSPERITY. YET , MUCH WAS NEGATIVE: COLLEGE STUDENT AND ANTI-WAR PROTEST ACTIONS, POLITICAL ASSASSINATIONS, AND SEGREGAZIONE RIOTS EXCITED AMERICAN PEOPLE AND LED TO LACK OF ESTEEM FOR POWER AND THE REGULATION.

THE DECADE STARTED OUT UNDER THE SHADOW OF THE COOL WAR TOGETHER WITH THE SOVIET UNION, WHICH WAS CUT BY THE U-2 INCIDENT, THE BERLIN WALL STRUCTURE, AND THE CUBAN MISSILE PROBLEMS, ALONG WITH THE SPACE RACE WITH THE USSR. THE DECADE ENDED UNDER THE DARKNESS OF THE VIET NAM CONFLICT, WHICH DEEPLY DIVIDED US CITIZENS AND THEIR ALLIES AND DESTROYED THE COUNTRYS SELF-CONFIDENCE AND SENSE OF PURPOSE. EVEN IF YOU WERENT WITH YOUR LIFE DURING THE 60s, YOU KNOW WHAT THEY WILL MEANT IF THEY SAID, TUNE IN, TURN ON, DROP OUT. YOU KNOW HOW COME THE NATION CELEBRATES MARTIN LUTHER KING, JUNIOR. S BIRTHDAY. ALL OF THE INTERPERSONAL ISSUES ARE REFLECTED IN TODAYS WORLD: THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENTS, THE STUDENT ACTIVITY, SPACE EXPLORATION, THE LOVEMAKING REVOLUTION, THE PLANET, MEDICINE AND HEALTH, AND FUN AND TREND, THE DETRIMENTAL RIGHTS MOTION.

THE IMPETUS OF THE PREVIOUS DECADES MUNICIPAL RIGHTS BENEFITS LED SIMPLY BY REV. MATN LUTHER FULL, JR. TRANSPORTED OVER INTO THE 1960s. BUT FOR MOST BLACKS, THE CONCRETE RESULTS WERE NOMINAL. ONLY A MINUSCULE PERCENTAGE OF DARK-COLORED CHILDREN BASICALLY ATTENDED BUNDLED SCHOOLS, AND IN THE SOUTHERN, JIM CROW PRACTICES BANNED BLACKS FROM JOBS AND PUBLIC AREAS. NEW TEAMS AND GOALS WERE FORMED, NEW TECHNIQUES DEVISED, TO PUSH FORWARD TO GET FULL EQUALITY. AS OFTEN WHILE NOT, WHITE RESISTANCE LED TO VIOLENCE. THIS KIND OF VIOLENCE SPILLED ACROSS TELEVISION SCREENS NATIONWIDE. THE AVERAGE, NATURAL AMERICAN, AFTER SEEING HIS/HER TV SET SCREEN, CONVERTED INTO A MUNICIPAL RIGHTS ADVOCATE.

DARK UNITY AND WHITE SUPPORT CONTINUED TO GROW. IN 1962, WITH THE FIRST CONSIDERABLE PUBLIC DEMONSTRATION AGAINST ETHNICITY DISCRIMINATION, REV. MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. GAVE A DRAMATIC AND INSPIRATIONAL CONVERSATION IN WA, D. C. AFTER A VERY LONG MARCH OF THOUSANDS TOWARDS THE CAPITAL. THE POTENTIAL OF RIOT AND BLOODSHED WAS ALWAYS THERE, NEVERTHELESS THE MARCHERS REQUIRED THAT POSSIBILITY SO THAT THEY CAN ACCEPT THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF TOP NOTCH CITIZENS. THE NEGRO, FULL SAID THROUGH THIS SPEECH, LIVES ON A UNHAPPY ISLAND OF POVERTY IN THE MIDDLE OF A VAST WATER OF MATERIAL PROSPERITY AND LOCATES HIMSELF AN EXILE IN THE OWN AREA. KING ONGOING STOLIDLY: IT COULD BE FATAL PERTAINING TO THE NATION TO OVERLOOK THE URGENCY OF THE MOMENT AND TO TAKE TOO LIGHTLY THE PERSEVERANCE OF THE RENEGRIDO. THIS SWELTERING SUMMER IN THE NEGROS LEGIT DISCONTENT WILL NOT LIKELY PASS RIGHT UP UNTIL THERE IS A GREAT INVIGORATING SLIDE OF INDEPENDENCE AND EQUAL RIGHTS. (BURNSTIEN L. 176) THE MOMENT KING FOUND THE END OF HIS READY TEXT, HE SWEPT SUITABLE INTO A GREAT EXHIBITION OF IMPROMPTU ORATORY THAT WAS CATCHING, REMARKABLE, AND INSPIRATIONAL. I HAVE A DREAM, KING CRIED OUT. THE CROWD BEGAN CHEERING, BUT KING, HARDLY EVER PAUSING, BROUGHT SILENCE AS HE CONTINUED, I HAVE A DREAM THAT ONE DAY FOR THE RED HILLS OF ATLANTA THE KIDS OF PAST SLAVES AND THE SONS OF FORMER SLAVEOWNERS WILL BE ABLE TO TAKE A SEAT TOGETHER WITH THE TABLE OF BROTHERHOOD. I HAVE A DREAM, HE WENT ON, NON-STOP SHOUTING THROUGHOUT THE THUNDEROUS GET BIGGER OF APPLAUSE, THAT HOWEVER, STATE OF MISSISSIPPI, A SITUATION SWELTERING WITH PEOPLES INJUSTICES, SWELTERING WITH ALL THE HEAT OF OPPRESSION, WILL BE TRANSFORMED INTO AN OASIS OF FREEDOM AND JUSTICE. I USE DREAM, CRIED KING FOR THE LAST TIME, THAT MY SEVERAL LITTLE CHILDREN WILL ONE DAY RESIDE IN A LAND WHERE THEY WILL NOT BE EVALUATED BY THE COLOUR OF THEIR EPIDERMIS BUT BY CONTENT WITH THEIR CHARACTER. (GARRATY P. 278) EVERYONE DECIDED THE MAR WAS A SUCCESS AND THEY WISHED ACTION NOW! BUT , NOW! REMAINED A LONG WAY OFF.

PRESIDENT KENNEDY WAS NEVER CAPABLE TO MOBILIZE SATISFACTORY SUPPORT TO A CITY RIGHTS EXPENSES WITH PEARLY WHITES OVER THE COMPETITORS OF SEGREGATIONIST SOUTHERN USERS OF CONGRESS. BUT FOLLOWING HIS ASSASSINATION, PRESIDENT MEEKS, DRAWING ON THE KENNEDY HERITAGE AND ON THE PRESS INSURANCE OF CIVIL RIGHTS MARCHE AND PROTESTS, SUCCEEDED EXACTLY WHERE KENNEDY HAD FAILED. NEVERTHELESS , BY THE SUMMER OF 1964, THE DARK REVOLUTION ACQUIRED CREATED A UNIQUE CRISIS OF DISAPPOINTED TARGETS. RIOTING BY URBAN BLACKS WAS TO BE A FEATURE OF EACH LONG, POPULAR, SUMMER OF THE MID-1960s. IN 1965, KING AND OTHER BLACK COMMANDERS WANTED TO FORCE BEYOND SOCIABLE INTEGRATION, AT THIS POINT GUARANTEED UNDER THE PREVIOUS YEARS CIVIL LEGAL RIGHTS LAW, TO POLITICAL PRIVILEGES, MAINLY THE SOUTHERN AREA OF BLACKS PRIVILEGES TO REGISTER AND VOTE. KING PICKED A DIFFICULT ALABAMA CITY TO DEAL WITH: SELMA, WHEREVER ONLY 1% OF ENTITLED BLACK VOTERS WERE LISTED TO HAVE YOUR VOTE.

THE VIOLENCE, THE MARCH, THE EXCITEMENT MOST CONTRIBUTED TO THE PASSAGE OF THE SECOND MILESTONE CIVIL LEGAL RIGHTS ACT FROM THE DECADE. EVEN THOUGH THERE WAS HORRENDOUS VIOLENCE, REV. KING DECLARED THAT AS A COUPLE OF CONSCIENCE AND IN AN ATTEMPT TO AROUSE THE DEEPEST AREA OF ISSUE THE NATION, (GARRATY P. 357) HE WAS COMPELLED TO LEAD ONE OTHER MARCH COMING FROM SELMA TO MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA. THE FOUR-DAY, 54-MILE MARCH STARTED AROUND THE AFTERNOON OF SUNDAY, MAR 21, 65, WITH SOME 3500 MARCHERS LED BY TWO NOBEL PRIZEWINNERS, THE REVOLUTION. MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. AND ROB BUNCHE, THEN SIMPLY U. D. UNDER ADMIN FOR PARTICULAR POLITICAL AFFAIRS. IN THE MARCH, WHITES, NEGROES, CLERGYMEN AND BEATNIKS, OLD AND YOUNG, WALKED SIDE BY SIDE. PRESIDENT JOHNSON MADE SURE THAT WERE THERE PLENTY OF PROTECTION THIS TIME WITH 1000 ARMY POLICE, 1900 FEDERALIZED THE STATE OF ALABAMA NATIONAL GUARDSMEN, AND PLATOONS OF U. S. MARSHALS AND FBI MEN. WHEN THE MARCHERS COME TO THE CAPITAL OF ALABAMA, THEY WERE TO HAVE OFFERED A REQUEST TO THEN GOVERNOR GEORGE WALLACE PROTESTING VOTING ELEGANCE. HOWEVER , AFTER THEY ARRIVED, THE GOVERNORS SUPPORTS CAME OUT AND SAID, THE MAIN CITY IS CLOSED TODAY.

ABOUT THIS SAME TIME, THE TERM, BLACK ELECTRICAL POWER WAS COMING INTO USE. IT WAS MEANT TO INFER LONG-SUBMERGED ETHNICITY PRIDE IN NEGROES. MARTIN LUTHER FULL, JR. PARTICULARLY SOUGHT TO REBUT THE EVANGELISTS OF BLACK POWER. IT IS ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY FOR THE NEGRO TO FIND POWER, HOWEVER THE TERM DARK-COLORED POWER CAN BE UNFORTUNATE, AS IT TENDS TO PROVIDE THE IMPRESSION OF BLACK NATIONALISM. WE MUST NEVER SEEK POWER EXCLUSIVELY TO GET THE MARRANO, BUT THE SHARING OF POWER WITH WHITE COLORED PEOPLE, HE SAID. (GARRATY 456)

UNFORTUNATELY, THE THING THAT REALLY MOVED THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT ALONG SIGNIFICANTLY WAS YOUR MURDER OF REV. MATN LUTHER KING, JR. AT THE END OF 1965. CRUELTY REPLACED BALANCE WITH NIGHTMARISH SUDDENNESS. RIOTING MOBS INSIDE THE NEGRO SUBURB OF WATTS, CALIFORNIA, PILLAGED, BURNED AND KILLED, WHILST 500 POLICEMEN AND 5000 NATIONAL GUARDSMEN STRUGGLED IN VAIN TO CONTAIN THEIR VERY OWN FURY. HOUR AFTER HOUR, THE FEE MOUNTED: twenty seven DEAD WITH THE WEEKS END, NEARLY 600 INJURED, 1700 ARRESTED, AND PROPERTY HARM WELL OVER $100 MILLION. THE GREAT THAT CAME OUT OF ALL OF THE, IS THAT 1000S OF NEGROES HAD BEEN FLOCKING TO JOIN UP IN THE NINE COUNTIES IN ALABAMA, LOUISIANA, AND MISSISSIPPI WHERE THE GOVT POSTED GOVERNMENT EXAMINERS TO UPHOLD THE VOTING LEGISLATION. IN FOUR DAYS, 6th, 998 RENEGRIDO VOTERS HAD BEEN ADDED TO THE ROLLS IN COUNTIES HIGH HAD RECENTLY BEEN JUST 3, 857. IN THAT TIME OF SORROW AND GUILT THE MOMENT KING WAS MURDERED, THERE WAS AN OPENING INTENDED FOR PEACE INVOLVING THE RACES THAT MIGHT OTHERWISE NEVER HAVE PRESENTED ALONE. PRESIDENT MANLEY PLEADED, I actually ASK EVERY SINGLE CITIZEN TO REJECT THE BLIND VIOLENCE THAT HAS MINTED DR . CALIFORNIA KING. (WARRENP. 53) HE WENT ON TO SAY THAT TO BRING WHICH MEANS TO HIS DEATH, WE MUST BE ESTABLISHED TO AFFECT FORCEFULLY WITH THE CONSCIENCES OF ALL AMERICANS IN ORDER TO WREST FROM TRAGEDY AND TRAUMA, THE WILL TO MAKE A BETTER SOCIETY. STUDENTS MOVEMENT AMERICANS WHO WERE FRESH IN THE 1960s AFFECTED THE COURSE OF THE 10 YEARS AS ZERO GROUP GOT BEFORE. THE MOTTO OF TIMES WAS DONT TRUST ANY INDIVIDUAL OVER 35. ANOTHER, TELL IT LIKE IT IS, COMMUNICATED A REAL FEELING OF WHAT THEY CONSIDERED MATURE DEVIOUSNESS. YOUTHFUL AMERICANS WERE OUTRAGED BY INTOLERANCE OF THEIR UNIVERSITIES, RACIAL INEQUALITY, SOCIAL INJUSTICE, THE VIET NAM WAR, AS WELL AS THE ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL RESTRICTIONS OF EVERYDAY YOUR LIFE AND OPERATE. ONE GROUP THAT SHAPED DURING THIS TIME WAS S. M. S. (STUDENTS FOR A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY). IN OPPOSITION TO IMPERIALISM, RACISM, AND OPPRESSION, THE T. D. T. FOUND THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OR COLLEGE GUILTY OF ALL THREE. THEY DID DO A COUPLE OF GOOD AT THE START LIKE ARRANGING NORTHERN SEGREGAZIONE DWELLERS IN PROJECTS INCLUDING CHICAGOS JOBS OR CASH FLOW, NOW (JOIN). BUT THE VIET NAM WAR LED TO A BIG CHANGE IN THEIR TECHNIQUES. THEY STARTED TO BE AN INDEPENDENT MAJOR FORCE AGAINST SOCIETY. THE DELUGE OF DISORDERS ACHIEVED IT HARDER AND HARDER FOR MANY AMERICANS TO HOLD EVENTS IN PERSPECTIVE. THEY TENDED TO FORGET THAT A LOT OF OF THE COUNTRIES 6, 700, 000 COLLEGIANS WERE STUDYING HARD BY SCHOOL AND NEVER CAUSING TROUBLE. AN UNDERLYING DESIGN EMERGED IN THE AMERICAN SCHOOL. THE SCHOOL SUDDENLY BECAME A POLITICAL ARENA. THE SCHOLARS WANTED TO ADDRESSES THE NATIONAL PROBLEMS OF WAR, COMPETITION, AND POVERTY. AS A RESULT, THE UNIVERSITY DROPPED SOME OF IT IS NEUTRALITY. STUDENTS CREATED A NEW U. H. INSTITUTION: THE POLITICAL COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY. HOWEVER , ONE MORE ELEMENT AMONGST YOUTHS WAS ALSO RISING. THEY WERE CALLED HIPPIES. THIS MOVEMENT PROCLAIMED ANOTHER RESPOND TO THE TEN YEARS AS THE YOUNG TRIED MUSIC, CLOTHES, DRUGS, AND A COUNTER-CULTURE LIFESTYLE. IN 1967, HIPPIES PREACHED DEDICATION AND MYSTICISM, HONESTY, DELIGHT AND non-violence. THEY HAD A CHILD-LIKE FASCINATION FOR BEADS, BLOSSOMS, AND BELLS, STROBE LIGHTS, EAR-SHATTERING MUSIC, AMAZING CLOTHING AND EROTIC DEVISE. THEY DESIRED TO PROFESS FLOWER POWER AND LOVE. WE WERE HOLDING PREDOMINANTLY LIGHT, MIDDLE-CLASS, WELL-INFORMED YOUTHS, VARYING IN AGE FROM seventeen TO twenty-five. PERHAPS THE THE MAJORITY OF STRIKING POINT ABOUT THE HIPPIE TREND, IS THE WAY IT TOUCHED THE IMAGINATION OF THE DIRECTLY SOCIETY. HIPPIE SLANG MOVED INTO COMMON UTILIZATION AND SPICED AMERICAN HUMOR. BOUTIQUES JUMPED UP IN CITY AND SUBURBAN AREAS TO OFFER THE PSYCHEDELIC COLOR CLOTHING AND DESIGNS THAT RESEMBLED FINE ART NOUVEAU. A SERIOUS DEVELOPMENT INSIDE THE HIPPIE UNIVERSE WAS THE RURAL COMMUNITY, EXACTLY WHERE NATURE-LOVING HIPPIE TRIBESMEN STEERED CLEAR OF THE COMMERCIALISM OF THE URBAN CENTERS IN AN ATTEMPT TO CREATE A SOCIETY BEYOND SOCIETY. ONE MORE DEVELOPMENT WAS THE ILLICIT MAKE USE OF DRUGS, RESULTING IN THE SLOGAN, TUNE IN, TURN ON, DROP-OUT. BETTER COPING WITH CHEMISTRY WAS ANOTHER PROMOTING SLOGAN THAT WAS A UNDERHANDED JOKE FOR THE YOUNG, BUT A REAL BE CONCERNED TO THEIR PARENTS. MARIJUANA (POT, GRASS, MARY JANE, WEED) WAS A COMMON PREPARATION. HOWEVER , SOME WERE SMOKING HASH, TAKING MESCALINE, PEYOTE, LSD, BARBITURATES AND SEDATIVES. THE LIST GOES ON AND ON. AND IT WAS THE PARTICULAR BEGINNING. MEDICATION USE WAS EVERYWHERE. ROCK AND ROLL MUSICIANS UTILIZED DRUGS USUALLY AND OPENLY. THEIR COMPOSITIONS WERE RIDDLED WITH REFERENCES TO DRUGS, THROUGH THE BEATLES I actually GET SUBSTANTIAL WITH A LITTLE SUPPORT FROM MY BUDDIES TO THE JEFFERSON AIRPLANES WHITE-COLORED RABBIT. SPACE EXPLORATION TOWARDS THE END OF 1968, AMERICANS STARTED TO BE THE FIRST HUMAN BEINGS TO ACHIEVE THE MOON. SEVEN SEVERAL WEEKS LATER, THESE PEOPLE WERE THE FIRST TO BASICALLY WALK WITHIN THE MOON. THEIR PARTICULAR TELECAST OFFERED EARTHBOUND VIEWERS AN UNFORGETTABLE PERSPECTIVE OF THE MOON. ASTRONAUT LOVELL REPORTED, THE CELESTIAL BODY OVERHEAD IS ESSENTIALLY GREY, NO COLOR. WE CAN SEE A LOT OF DETAIL. THE CRATERS ARE ROUNDED AWAY. ON HOLIDAY EVE, THE ASTRONAUTS OF APOLLO eight (BORMAN, LOVELL, AND ANDERS) GAVE THEIR FINEST DESCRIPTION OF THE MOON IN A MANY IMPRESSIVE TELECAST. THIS IS APOLLO 8 VISITING YOU LIVE IN THE MOON, REPORTED BORMAN, FOCUSING HIS CAMERA ON THE TACHA SURFACE. THE MOON CAN BE DESCRIBED AS DIFFERENT ISSUE TO EACH OF US, SAID BORMAN. MY IMPRESSION IS THAT THE A VAST, LONESOME, FORBIDDING-TYPE EXISTENCEIT CERTAINLY MAY NOT BE A VERY INVITING SPOT TO LIVE OR WORK. LOVELL AGREED, BUT ADDED, THE VAST ISOLATION UP THE FOLLOWING IS AWE-INSPIRING, AND IT MAKES YOU REALIZE EXACTLY WHAT YOU HAVE BACK AGAIN THERE THAT IS KNOWN. IN APOLLO 11, THE ASTRONAUTS GOT ON THE CELESTIAL SATELLITE ON THIS SUMMER 25, 69. ASTRONAUT NEIL ARMSTRONG CALLED OUT THE TERM EVERYONE WAS LOOKING FORWARD TO. HOUSTON, THIS INDIVIDUAL CALLED. PEACE BASE HERE. THE EAGLE HAS ARRIVED. ALL OF AMERICA WAS ON THE EDGE OF THEIR SEATS. IT ABSOLUTELY WAS A VERY FASCINATING TIME, TAKE CARE, TEARS AND FRANTIC APPLAUSE WENT UP AROUND THE COUNTRY. THATS ONE SMALL STAGE FOR GUY, ONE HUGE LEAP PERTAINING TO MANKIND, BECAME THE WATCHWORD WHEN U. S. CAMPER ARMSTRONG SAID THIS AS HE PLACED HIS FOOT FIRMLY ON THE FINE-GRAINED SURFACE OF THE PARISH LANTERN. AFTER CENTURIES OF DREAMS AND PROPHECIES, THE MOMENT ACQUIRED COME. GUY BROKE HIS TERRESTRIAL LEAF SPRING SHACKLES AND SET FT . ON AN ADDITIONAL WORLD. THE NEW VIEW MAY HELP MAN PLACE HIS CONCERNS, AS WELL AS HIS WORLD, WITHIN A NEW PERSPECTIVE. THE SEXUAL REVOLUTION THE MEDICAL INTRO OF THE PILL CHANGED THE INTERACTION INVOLVING THE SEXES DRASTICALLY IN 1964. AMERICANS LEARNED THAT THE FREEDOM COMING FROM FEAR OF UNWANTED PREGNANCY TRAVELLED HAND IN HAND WITH OTHER KINDS OF LOVEMAKING FREEDOM. IT BECAME AN ERA IN WHICH MORALS WERE HELD TO BE THE TWO PRIVATE AND RELATIVE, BY WHICH PLEASURE WAS BEING CONSIDERED ALMOST LIKE A CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT RATHER THAN PRIVILEGE, BY WHICH SELF-DENIAL STARTED TO BE INCREASINGLY VIEWED AS FOOLISH RATHER THAN VIRTUOUS. THE PILL IS A TABLET THAT CONTAINS LESS THAN ONE THIRTY-THOUSANDTH OF AN OUNCE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE. IT UTILIZED TO COST one particular 1/4 MERE CENTS TO PRODUCTION AND A MONTHS SUPPLY SOLD FOR $2. 00, SELLING. YET, WITHIN A MERE HALF A DOZEN YEARS, IT CHANGED AND LIBERATED THE SEX AND FAMILY LIFE OF A LARGE PORTION OF THE U. S. POPULATION. DID THE CONVENIENT CONTRACEPTIVE PROMOTE PROMISCUITY? ARE PEOPLE IN THE USA PAYING THE PRICE TODAY INTENDED FOR THE FALL IN PROBE AND BELIEFS? THE ENVIRONMENT AN E BOOK WRITTEN BY RACHEL CARSON, QUIET SPRING, GAINED HER A REPUTATION NOT MERELY AS A SKILLED MARINE BIOLOGIST, BUT AS A GIFTED ARTICLE WRITER. THE VILLAINS IN SILENT SPRING HAPPEN TO BE CHEMICAL PESTICIDES OR HERBICIDES, AGAINST WHICH WILL MISS CARSON TOOK UP HER PEN IN ALARM AND ANGER. MANY READERS HAD BEEN FIRMLY CERTAIN THAT MOST FROM THE U. S i9000. WAS ALREADY LACED WITH TOXIC THAT WOULD SHORTLY START TAKING A DREADFUL FEE. THE ONLY WAY TO REPAIR THE SITUATION WAS TO STOP APPLYING CHEMICAL & NITROGEN-LADEN LET THE HARMONY OF MOTHER NATURE TAKE CARE OF THE INSECTS. AN ADDITIONAL ACTIVIST OF THE DAY WAS WOMAN BIRD JOHNSON, PRESIDENT JOHNSONS WIFE. THE LADY ENVISIONED BEAUTIFICATION ALL OVER AMERICA. SHE IS GENERALLY CREDITED WITH INSPIRING THE HIGHWAY BEAUTIFICATION ACT OF 1965. THIS CAN BE THE DECADE WHEN SCIENTISTS HAD BEEN BECOMING MORE EXPRESSIVE ABOUT THE OZONE LEVEL, POLLUTION, AND SMOKING CIGARETTES. PEOPLE IN AMERICA BECAME AWARE OF THE DANGERS THAT THEY ENCOUNTERED EVERYDAY AND WOULD PERHAPS HAND DOWN TO THEIR CHILDREN. THE NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION VOTED six TO 1 TO BAN CIGARETTE ADVERTISING IN RADIO AND TV. SOONER OR LATER, WITH CONGRESSIONAL APPROVAL, CIGARETTE PACKAGES HAD A NEW CAUTION ON THEM: EXTREME CARE: CIGARETTE SMOKING COULD POSSIBLY BE HAZARDOUS ON YOUR HEALTH. MEDICINE AND WELLNESS MISTAKES MADE IN THE PAST INDUCED GREAT CULTURAL AND MEDICAL PROBLEMS TO CHILDREN AROUND THE WORLD WHEN IT WAS DISCOVERED THAT USING A TRANQUILIZER CALLED THALIDOMIDE CAUSED SERIOUS BIRTH DEFECTS. BABIES WERE GIVEN BIRTH TO WITH HANDS AND TOES LIKE FLIPPERS, ATTACHED NEAR THE BODY WITH LITTLE OR NO EQUIP OR LEG. AS BENEFITS OF APPLYING THALIDOMIDE BECAME APPARENT, EVERY SINGLE COMPOUND MEDICATION CONTAINING THALIDOMIDE WAS REMOVED THE MARKET. THERE HAVE BEEN ALSO GREAT STRIDES MADE IN MEDICINE. DR . CHRISTIAN BARNARD WAS THE WORLDS INITIALLY DOCTOR TO ACCOMPLISH A HEART TRANSPLANT. THE PERSON WAS PAILLETTE WASHKANSKY, WHO HAVE LIVED TO GET ONLY 18 DAYS AFTER THIS HISTORIC OPERATION. BUT BARNARDS SECOND TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT, DENTAL PROFESSIONAL PHILIP BLAIBERG, RECOVERED TOTALLY, WROTE AN E BOOK ABOUT HIS EXPERIENCES AND DISPLAYED THESE KINDS OF ZEST FOR LIFETIME THAT HE WENT GOING SWIMMING ON THE 1ST ANNIVERSARY OF HIS OPERATION. BLAIBERG LIVED ANOTHER 594 DAYS WITH ANOTHER MANS HEART. FUN AND FASHION THE MINI SKIRTS WAS THE GREATEST RAGE STYLISH DURING THE 60s. IT WAS BROUGHT IN FROM PARIS AND ADOPTED BY U. S. YOUNG ADULTS AND COEDS AS THE PERFECT ENHANCE TO DESIGNED STOCKINGS AND LEATHER FOOTWEAR, USUALLY WHITE-COLORED. GIRLS UNCOVERED MORE THIGH THAN THEY HAD STOCKING TO PROTECT AND AMERICAN MALES HAD BEEN SCRAMBLING TO GET THE BEST VANTAGE LEVEL! BY REQUIREMENT, THE FEMALE TYPE HAD TO BE PENCIL THIN PUT ON THE VARIETIES OF THE DAY. OF COURSE, IF THEY WERENT PENCIL SLIM, FOR BETTER OR PERTAINING TO WORSE, THERE WERE A LOT OF THIGH EXHIBITING AND EVEN BUSTS, WHEN THE TOPLESS BATHING SUIT WAS INTRODUCED SIMPLY BY RUDY GERNREICH. FOR MEN, TRENDS DIDNT PRODUCE SUCH REMARKABLE STATEMENTS. THE TURTLENECK CARDIGAN WORN UNDER A SPORT JACKET, EVEN BY PRESIDENT JOHNSON, WAS VERY POPULAR. PERHAPS THE BIGGEST FASHION STATEMENT WAS YOUR NEHRU JACKET. IT IS A LONG, MANDARIN-COLLARED CLOTHING WITHOUT LAPELS. IN THE FIELD OF SPORTING ACTIVITIES, SURFING AROUND THE COASTS STARTED TO BE OBSESSIONS OF YOUNG MEN, SPECIFICALLY. USING 7 FT. OR PERHAPS 12 FT. BALSA OR POLYURETHANE PANELS, AN ESTIMATED 95, 000 VIEWERS STRUGGLED ERECT AGAINST CHARACTERISTICS TO STABILITY AS THEY CAUGHT THE BIG SURF OR BREAKERS COMING IN. THE DISCOTHEQUE WAS YOUR PLACE TO END UP BEING FOR GROOVING AND SOCIALIZING. PEOPLE DANCED THE FRUG, TWITCHING SEXILY FROM SIDE TO SIDE ALTHOUGH THEIR HANDS MADE SLUGGISH AND SENSUOUS GESTURES. THE WOBBLE AND THE HULLY-GULLY HAD BEEN GROUP DANCES USING SIGNALS IN A CHARADE-STYLE. OF COURSE , TO BE ABLE TO SUPPLY THE DEMAND FOR ALL THESE FRESH ITEMS ON THE AMERICAN INDUSTRY, THEY HAD TO BUILD STORES. IN TEN YEARS, THE NUMBER OF SHOPPING CENTERS IN EXCESS OF. THEY ACCOUNTED FOR 39% OF RETAIL REVENUE. MALLS WERE BORN. SIMPLY BY COMBINING ENCHANTEMENT AND CONVENIENCE, MALLS TARGETED NOT ONLY ABOUT RETAILING ACTIVITY, BUT ON THE COMMUNITY CULTURE AND PASTIME LIFE. WE WERE HOLDING LIKE TINY COMMUNITIES WITH RESTAURANTS, BANKING INSTITUTIONS, A POSTAL OFFICE SHOOTING, MOVIE THEATERS, AND FREQUENTLY CENTERS TO PUT ON FASHION DISPLAYS, HOLD COMPETITIONS, AND SHOW DEMONSTRATES. BY THE END OF THE 60s, THE COMMERCIALISM INSPIRED BY DEPARTMENT STORES AND CONSUMERISM USHERED IN THE DECADE IN THE 70s. NEVER DID AMERICA GO BACK TO THE FAMILY MEMBER NAIVETY OF ITS PREVIOUS YEARS.

Sociology Issues

MANY SOCIABLE CHANGES WHICH WERE ADDRESSED IN THE 1960s ARE STILL THE PROBLEMS BEING FACED TODAY. THE 60s WAS OBVIOUSLY A DECADE OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL TURMOIL. IN SPITE OF ALL OF THE TURMOIL, THERE ARE SOME GOOD SUCCESS: THE DETRIMENTAL RIGHTS REVOLUTION, JOHN F. KENNEDYS STRONG VISION OF A NEW FRONTIER, AND THE AMAZING ADVANCES IN SPACE, HELPED BRING ABOUT PROGRESS AND PROSPERITY. HOWEVER , MUCH WAS BAD: STUDENT AND ANTI-WAR PROTEST MOVEMENTS, POLITICS ASSASSINATIONS, AND GHETTO RIOTS EXCITED AMERICAN PEOPLE AND RESULTED IN DEFICIENCY OF RESPECT INTENDED FOR AUTHORITY PLUS THE LAW.

THE DECADE STARTED OUT UNDER THE SHADOW OF THE COOL WAR WITH ALL THE SOVIET UNION, WHICH WAS AGGRAVATED BY THE U-2 INCIDENT, THE BERLIN WALL STRUCTURE, AND THE CUBAN MISSILE CATASTROPHE, ALONG WITH THE SPACE RACE WHILE USING USSR. THE DECADE ENDED UNDER THE SHADOW OF THE VIET NAM WAR, WHICH DEEPLY DIVIDED PEOPLE IN AMERICA AND THEIR ALLIES AND RUINED THE COUNTRYS SELF-CONFIDENCE AND SENSE OF PURPOSE. IN CASE YOU WERENT IN DURING THE sixties, YOU KNOW WHAT THAT THEY MEANT WHEN THEY SAID, PAY ATTENTION, TURN ON, DROP OUT. YOU KNOW FOR WHAT REASON THE NATION CELEBRATES MARTIN LUTHER KING, JUNIOR. S BIRTHDAY. ALL OF THE INTERPERSONAL ISSUES WILL BE REFLECTED IN TODAYS WORLD: THE CITY RIGHTS MOVEMENTS, THE STUDENT MOVEMENT, SPACE PURSUIT, THE SEX REVOLUTION, THE PLANET, MEDICINE AND HEALTH, AND FUN AND STYLE, THE MUNICIPAL RIGHTS MOTION.

THE MOMENTUM OF THE PAST DECADES MUNICIPAL RIGHTS PROFITS LED BY SIMPLY REV. MARTIN LUTHER CALIFORNIA KING, JR. CARRIED OVER INTO THE 1960s. BUT FOR MOST BLACKS, THE TANGIBLE RESULTS WERE LITTLE. ONLY A MINUSCULE PERCENTAGE OF DARK CHILDREN TRULY ATTENDED BUILT-IN SCHOOLS, AND THE SOUTHERN, JIM CROW PRACTICES BANNED BLACKS BY JOBS AND PUBLIC SPOTS. NEW TEAMS AND GOALS WERE SHAPED, NEW TECHNIQUES DEVISED, TO ENHANCE FORWARD PERTAINING TO FULL EQUALITY.

AS FREQUENTLY AS NOT, WHITE LEVEL OF RESISTANCE RESULTED IN ASSAULT. THIS ASSAULT SPILLED THROUGHOUT TV SCREENS NATIONWIDE. THE REGULAR, NEUTRAL AMERICAN, AFTER SEEING HIS OR HER TV SCREEN, TURNED INTO A CIVIL PRIVILEGES SUPPORTER.

BLACK UNITY AND WHITE SUPPORT CONTINUED TO GROW. IN 1962, TOGETHER WITH THE FIRST CONSIDERABLE PUBLIC DEMONSTRATION AGAINST RACIAL DISCRIMINATION, REVOLUTION. MARTIN LUTHER KING, JUNIOR.

OFFERED A REMARKABLE AND INSPIRATIONAL SPEECH IN WASHINGTON, D. C. AFTER A LONG MARCH OF COUNTLESS NUMBERS TO THE CAPITAL. THE POSSIBILITY OF RIOT AND BLOODSHED WAS EVER PRESENT, BUT THE MARCHERS TOOK THAT CHANCE SO THEY REALLY COULD RECOGNIZE THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF FIRST CLASS CITIZENS. THE NEGRO, KING SAID IN THIS PRESENTATION, LIVES ON A LONELY AREA OF LOW INCOME IN THE MIDST OF AN ENORMOUS OCEAN OF MATERIAL PROSPERITY AND FINDS HIMSELF AN EXILE IN HIS PERSONAL LAND. RULER CONTINUED STOLIDLY: IT WOULD BE PERILOUS FOR THE NATION TO OVERLOOK THE URGENCY WITH THE MOMENT AND TO UNDERESTIMATE THE DETERMINATION OF THE NEGRO.

THIS EXTREME SUMMER IN THE NEGROS GENUINE DISCONTENT WILL NEVER PASS TILL THERE IS A GREAT INVIGORATING FALL OF FLEXIBILITY AND EQUAL RIGHTS. (BURNSTIEN S. 176) WHEN KING CAME TO THE END OF HIS WELL PREPARED TEXT, THIS INDIVIDUAL SWEPT DIRECTLY ON INTO AN EXHIBITION OF IMPROMPTU ORATORY THAT WAS CATCHING, REMARKABLE, AND EDUCATIONAL. I HAVE A FANTASY, KING CRIED OUT. THE CROWD COMMENCED CHEERING, ALTHOUGH KING, BY NO MEANS PAUSING, HELPED BRING SILENCE AS HE CONTINUED, I HAVE A DREAM THAT YOU DAY FOR THE RED SLOPES OF ATLANTA THE KIDS OF FORMER SLAVES AND THE SONS OF FORMER SLAVEOWNERS WILL BE ABLE TO SIT DOWN TOGETHER WITH THE TABLE OF BROTHERHOOD. EXCELLENT DREAM, HE WENT ON, NON-STOP SHOUTING DOWN THE THUNDEROUS GET BIGGER OF APPLAUSE, THAT YOUR STATE OF MISSISSIPPI, A STATE SWELTERING WITH PEOPLES INJUSTICES, SWELTERING TOGETHER WITH THE HEAT OF OPPRESSION, WILL PROBABLY BE TRANSFORMED INTO A GREAT OASIS OF FREEDOM AND JUSTICE.

I HAVE DREAM, CRIED RULER FOR THE LAST PERIOD, THAT MY OWN FOUR KIDS WILL ONE DAY LIVE IN A NATION WHERE THEY WILL NOT BECOME JUDGED BY COLOR OF THEIR PARTICULAR SKIN BUT BY THE CONTENT MATERIAL OF THEIR PERSONA. (GARRATY L. 278) EVERYONE AGREED THE MARCH WAS A SUCCESS AND THEY WANTED ACTION NOW! BUT , NOW! CONTINUED TO BE A LONG WAY OFF.

PRESIDENT KENNEDY WAS BY NO MEANS ABLE TO MOBILIZE SUFFICIENT SUPPORT TO PASS A CIVIL PRIVILEGES BILL WITH TEETH WITHIN THE OPPOSITION OF SEGREGATIONIST THE SOUTHERN AREA OF MEMBERS OF CONGRESS. YET AFTER HIS ASSASSINATION, LEADER JOHNSON, DRAWING ON THE KENNEDY LEGACY AND.

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